Fractional flux periodicity of a twisted planar square lattice

K. Sasaki, Y. Kawazoe, R. Saito

Published 2004-01-29, updated 2004-03-03Version 3

We present fractional flux periodicity in the ground state of planar systems made of a square lattice whose boundary is compacted into a torus. The ground-state energy shows a fractional period of the fundamental unit of magnetic flux depending on the twist around the torus axis.