An ideal entropy transporter with finite power and vanishing fluctuation

Mingnan Ding, Jun Wu, Xiangjun Xing

Published 2025-02-09Version 1

We study a micro-magnet that interacts with a spin-polarized electric current, a heat bath, as well as a static magnetic field. The resulting non-equilibrium steady-state transports entropy between the current and the heat bath, without need of any thermodynamic force. In the limit of strong magnetic field, both the entropy production rate and the fluctuation of entropy transport become vanishingly small, whereas the average rate of entropy transport remains finite. Our results demonstrate that there is no fundamental limitation on the performance of thermodynamic engines other than the first and second laws of thermodynamics.