Stability, periodic orbits and KAM tori in the dynamics of the three fixed centers problem

Edward A. Turner, Francisco Crespo, Jhon Vidarte, Jersson Villafañe, Jorge Zapata

Published 2025-01-22Version 1

We investigate the motion in space of an infinitesimal particle in the gravitational field generated by three primary bodies positioned at the vertices of a fixed equilateral triangle. We assume that the distances between the primaries are small compared to their separation from the particle. By applying a Lie-Deprit normalization, we simplify the Hamiltonian, relegating both the mean anomaly and the argument of periapisis to third-order terms or higher. After reducing out the symmetries associated with the Kepler flow and the central action of the angular momentum, we examine the relative equilibria in the first and second reduced spaces. We are able to identify the conditions for the existence of circular periodic orbits and KAM tori, thus providing insight into the system's long-term stability and dynamic structure.