DisQu: Investigating the Impact of Disorder in Quantum Generative Models

Nikolaos Palaiodimopoulos, Jasmin Frkatovic, Vitor Fortes Rey, Matthias Tschöpe, Sungho Suh, Paul Lukowicz, Maximilian Kiefer-Emmanouilidis

Published 2024-09-24Version 1

Disordered Quantum many-body Systems (DQS) and Quantum Neural Networks (QNN) have many structural features in common. However, a DQS is essentially an initialized QNN with random weights, often leading to non-random outcomes. In this work, we emphasize the possibilities of random processes being a deceptive quantum-generating model effectively hidden in a QNN. In contrast to classical noisy maps, quantum maps have the possibility of ergodicity breaking leading to memory effects and thus multiple consequences on the learnability and trainability of QNN. This phenomenon may lead to a fundamental misunderstanding of the capabilities of common quantum generative models, where the generation of new samples is essentially averaging over random outputs. While we suggest that DQS can be effectively used for tasks like image augmentation, we draw the attention that overly simple datasets are often used to show the generative capabilities of quantum models, potentially leading to overestimation of their effectiveness.