Total mutual-visibility in graphs with emphasis on lexicographic and Cartesian products

Dorota Kuziak, Juan A. Rodríguez-Velázquez

Published 2023-06-27Version 1

Given a connected graph $G$, the total mutual-visibility number of $G$, denoted $\mu_t(G)$, is the cardinality of a largest set $S\subseteq V(G)$ such that for every pair of vertices $x,y\in V(G)$ there is a shortest $x,y$-path whose interior vertices are not contained in $S$. Several combinatorial properties, including bounds and closed formulae, for $\mu_t(G)$ are given in this article. Specifically, we give several bounds for $\mu_t(G)$ in terms of the diameter, order and/or connected domination number of $G$ and show characterizations of the graphs achieving the limit values of some of these bounds. We also consider those vertices of a graph $G$ that either belong to every total mutual-visibility set of $G$ or does not belong to any of such sets, and deduce some consequences of these results. We determine the exact value of the total mutual-visibility number of lexicographic products in terms of the orders of the factors, and the total mutual-visibility number of the first factor in the product. Finally, we give some bounds and closed formulae for the total mutual-visibility number of Cartesian product graphs.