Relaxation of imbalance in disordered XX model with on site dephasing

Roopayan Ghosh, Marko Žnidarič

Published 2023-01-13Version 1

The relaxation of observables to their non-equilibrium steady states in a disordered XX chain subjected to dephasing at every site has been intensely studied in recent years. We comprehensively analyse the relaxation of staggered magnetization, i.e., imbalance, in such a system, starting from the N\'eel initial state. We analytically predict emergence of several timescales in the system and extract results which match with large-system numerics without any extra fitting parameter till a universal timescale. An often reported stretched exponential decay is just one of the regimes which holds in a finite window of time and is therefore in fact not a true stretched exponential decay. Subsequently, the asymptotic decay of imbalance is governed by a power law irrespective of the disorder. We show that this emerges from the continuum limit of the low magnitude eigenspectrum of the Liouvillian. However, for finite systems, due to discreteness of the spectrum, the final phase of relaxation is governed by the relevant smallest Liouvillian gap.