Kinematic Hopf algebra for amplitudes and form factors

Gang Chen, Guanda Lin, Congkao Wen

Published 2022-08-10Version 1

We propose a kinematics algebra for the Bern-Carrasco-Johansson (BCJ) numerators of tree-level amplitudes and form factors in Yang-Mills theory coupled with bi-adjoint scalars. The algebraic generators of the algebra contain two parts: the first part is simply the flavour factor of the bi-adjoint scalars, and the second part that maps to non-trivial kinematic structures of the BCJ numerators obeys extended quasi-shuffle fusion products. The underlying kinematics algebra allows us to present closed forms for the BCJ numerators with any number of gluons and two or more scalars for both on-shell amplitudes and form factors that involve an off-shell operator. The BCJ numerators constructed in this way are manifestly gauge invariant and obey many novel relations that are inherit from the kinematic algebra.