Asymptotics of entries of products of nonnegative 2-by-2 matrices

Hua-Ming Wang

Published 2021-11-18, updated 2022-02-09Version 2

Let $M$ and $M_n,n\ge1$ be nonnegative 2-by-2 matrices such that $\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}M_n=M.$ It is usually hard to estimate the entries of $M_{k+1}\cdots M_{k+n}$ which are useful in many applications. In this paper, under a mild condition, we show that up to a multiplication of some positive constants, entries of $M_{k+1}\cdots M_{k+n}$ are asymptotically the same as $\xi_{k+1}\cdots \xi_{k+n},$ the product of the tails of a continued fraction which is related to the matrices $M_k,k\ge1,$ as $n\rightarrow\infty.$