NICER uncovers the transient nature of the type-B quasi-periodic oscillation in the black hole candidate MAXI J1348-630

L. Zhang, D. Altamirano, P. Uttley, F. Garcia, M. Mendez, J. Homan, J. F. Steiner, K. Alabarta, D. J. K. Buisson, R. A. Remillard, K. C. Gendreau, Z. Arzoumanian, C. Markwardt, T. E. Strohmayer, J. Neilsen, A. Basak

Published 2021-05-26Version 1

We present a systematic spectral-timing analysis of a fast appearance/disappearance of a type-B quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO), observed in four NICER observations of MAXI J1348-630. By comparing the spectra of the period with and without the type-B QPO, we found that the main difference appears at energy bands above ~2 keV, suggesting that the QPO emission is dominated by the hard Comptonised component. During the transition, a change in the relative contribution of the disk and Comptonised emission was observed. The disk flux decreased while the Comptonised flux increased from non-QPO to type-B QPO. However, the total flux did not change too much in the NICER band. Our results reveal that the type-B QPO is associated with a redistribution of accretion power between the disk and Comptonised emission. When the type-B QPO appears, more accretion power is dissipated into the Comptonised region than in the disk. Our spectral fits give a hint that the increased Comptonised emission may come from an additional component that is related to the base of the jet.