On the largest and least eigenvalues of eccentricity matrix of trees

Xiaocong He

Published 2020-07-21Version 1

The eccentricity matrix $\varepsilon(G)$ of a graph $G$ is constructed from the distance matrix of $G$ by keeping only the largest distances for each row and each column. This matrix can be interpreted as the opposite of the adjacency matrix obtained from the distance matrix by keeping only the distances equal to 1 for each row and each column. The $\varepsilon$-eigenvalues of a graph $G$ are those of its eccentricity matrix $\varepsilon(G)$. Wang et al \cite{e} proposed the problem of determining the maximum $\varepsilon$-spectral radius of trees with given order. In this paper, we consider the above problem of $n$-vertex trees with given diameter. The maximum $\varepsilon$-spectral radius of $n$-vertex trees with fixed odd diameter is obtained, and the corresponding extremal trees are also determined. The trees with least $\varepsilon$-eigenvalues in $[-2\sqrt{2},0)$ have been known. Finally, we determine the trees with least $\varepsilon$-eigenvalues in $[-2-\sqrt{13},-2\sqrt{2})$.