Floquet topological metal states and hybridization of them with bulk states in dimerized two-leg ladders

Milad Jangjan, Mir Vahid Hosseini

Published 2020-05-15Version 1

We consider asymmetric and symmetric dimerized two-leg ladders, comprising of four different lattice points per unit cell, illuminated by circularly polarized light. In the asymmetric dimerized ladder case, rungs are not perpendicular to the ladder's legs whereas the rungs are perpendicular to the legs for the symmetric one. Using the Floquet theory, we obtain an effective Hamiltonian to study topological properties of the systems. Depending on the dimerization strength and driving amplitude, it is shown that topologically protected edge states manifest themselves not only as zero-energy flat band within the gap between conduction and valence band but also as finite-energy flatless bands inside the gap of subbands. The latter one can penetrate into bulk states and hybridize with the bulk states revealing hybridized Floquet topological metal phase with delocalized edge states in the asymmetric ladder case. However, in the symmetric ladder, the finite-energy edge states while remaining localized can coexist with the extended bulk states manifesting Floquet topological metal phase.