Particle states are equidistant to wave and fully-entangled states in an interferometer

Miguel Orszag, Sergio Carrasco

Published 2020-01-06Version 1

In this article we show that, in a two-arm interferometer, pure quantum states of perfect path distinguishability (particles) are geometrically equidistant from all states with constant path distinguishability D. This property is not shared by other states, such as perfect fringe-visibility (waves) or maximally entangled quantum states (entanglon). Indeed, the Bures distance between a particle and any other state depends only the distinguishability of the latter. On the contrary, the Bures distance between a wave or an entanglon, and any other single photon state depends on other set of parameters.