First Detection of Photons with Energy Beyond 100 TeV from an Astrophysical Source

M. Amenomori, Y. W. Bao, X. J. Bi, D. Chen, T. L. Chen, W. Y. Chen, Xu Chen, Y. Chen, Cirennima, S. W. Cui, Danzengluobu, L. K. Ding, J. H. Fang, K. Fang, C. F. Feng, Zhaoyang Feng, Z. Y. Feng, Qi Gao, Q. B. Gou, Y. Q. Guo, H. H. He, Z. T. He, K. Hibino, N. Hotta, Haibing Hu, H. B. Hu, J. Huang, H. Y. Jia, L. Jiang, H. B. Jin, F. Kajino, K. Kasahara, Y. Katayose, C. Kato, S. Kato, K. Kawata, M. Kozai, Labaciren, G. M. Le, A. F. Li, H. J. Li, W. J. Li, Y. H. Lin, B. Liu, C. Liu, J. S. Liu, M. Y. Liu, Y. -Q. Lou, H. Lu, X. R. Meng, H. Mitsui, K. Munakata, Y. Nakamura, H. Nanjo, M. Nishizawa, M. Ohnishi, I. Ohta, S. Ozawa, X. L. Qian, X. B. Qu, T. Saito, M. Sakata, T. K. Sako, Y. Sengoku, J. Shao, M. Shibata, A. Shiomi, H. Sugimoto, M. Takita, Y. H. Tan, N. Tateyama, S. Torii, H. Tsuchiya, S. Udo, H. Wang, H. R. Wu, L. Xue, K. Yagisawa, Y. Yamamoto, Z. Yang, A. F. Yuan, L. M. Zhai, H. M. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, X. Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Yi Zhang, Ying Zhang, Zhaxisangzhu, X. X. Zhou

Published 2019-06-13Version 1

We report on the highest energy photons from the Crab Nebula observed by the Tibet air shower array with the underground water-Cherenkov-type muon detector array. Based on the criterion of muon number measured in an air shower, we successfully suppress 99.92% of the cosmic-ray background events with energies $E>100$ TeV. As a result, we observed 24 photon-like events with $E>100$ TeV against 5.5 background events, which corresponds to 5.6$\sigma$ statistical significance. This is the first detection of photons with $E>100$ TeV from an astrophysical source.