Fractional Keller-Segel Equation: Global Well-posedness and Finite Time Blow-up

Laurent Lafleche, Samir Salem

Published 2018-09-17Version 1

This article studies the aggregation diffusion equation \[ \partial_t\rho = \Delta^\frac{\alpha}{2} \rho + \lambda\,\mathrm{div}((K*\rho)\rho), \] where $\Delta^\frac{\alpha}{2}$ denotes the fractional Laplacian and $K = \frac{x}{|x|^a}$ is an attractive kernel. This equation is a generalization of the classical Keller-Segel equation, which arises in the modeling of the motion of cells. In the diffusion dominated case $a < \alpha$ we prove global well-posedness for an $L^1_k$ initial condition, and in the fair competition case $a = \alpha$ for an $L^1_k\cap L\ln L$ initial condition. In the aggregation dominated case $a > \alpha$, we prove global or local well posedness for an $L^p$ initial condition, depending on some smallness condition on the $L^p$ norm of the initial condition. We also prove that finite time blow-up of even solutions occurs under some initial mass concentration criteria.