Speckle intensity correlations of photons scattered by cold atoms

Cord A. Müller, Benoît Grémaud, Christian Miniatura

Published 2015-05-05Version 1

The irradiation of a dilute cloud of cold atoms with a coherent light field produces a random intensity distribution known as laser speckle. Its statistical fluctuations contain information about the mesoscopic scattering processes at work inside the disordered medium. Following up on earlier work by Assaf and Akkermans [Phys.\ Rev.\ Lett.\ \textbf{98}, 083601 (2007)], we analyze how static speckle intensity correlations are affected by an internal Zeeman degeneracy of the scattering atoms. It is proven on general grounds that the speckle correlations cannot exceed the standard Rayleigh law. On the contrary, because which-path information is stored in the internal atomic states, the intensity correlations suffer from strong decoherence and become exponentially small in the diffusive regime applicable to an optically thick cloud.