Massimiliano Esposito, Maicol A. Ochoa, Michael Galperin
Published 2014-08-15, updated 2014-08-24Version 2
We propose a thermodynamically consistent definition of heat, energy and work for quantum systems strongly coupled to their surrounding within the framework of nonequilibrium Green functions (NEGF). We show that our heat definition satisfies the second law of thermodynamics when considering systems at steady-state between several reservoirs. For a single quantum level driven by a time-dependent force and in contact with a single reservoir, we derive the quasi-static expression for heat, energy and work. We provide strong evidence that as required by the second law, the reversible heat is always greater then the actual one.
Comments: 4 pages, Sup.Mat., 3 figures; The paper has been withdrawn because Fig.3 and the claim that (13) is violated are incorrect. Indeed, definitions (12) are equivalent to ours at steady state as pointed out to us by the authors of Ref.[24]. The rest of the paper is correct but the presentation will be reconsidered
The Second Laws for an Information driven Current through a Spin Valve
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of a Strongly Coupled Quantum Level
What decides the direction of a current?
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