On the number of antichains of sets in a finite universe

Patrick De Causmaecker, Stefan De Wannemacker

Published 2014-07-16, updated 2014-07-23Version 2

Properties of intervals in the lattice of antichains of subsets of a universe of finite size are investigated. New objects and quantities in this lattice are defined. Expressions and numerical values are deduced for the number of connected antichains and the number of fully distinguishing antichains. The latter establish a connection with Stirling numbers of the second kind. Decomposition properties of intervals in the lattice of antichains are proven. A new operator allowing partitioning the full lattice in intervals derived from lower dimensional sub-lattices is introduced. Special posets underlying an interval of antichains are defined. The poset allows the derivation of a powerful formula for the size of an interval. This formula allows computing intervals in the six dimensional space. Combinatorial coefficients allowing another decomposition of the full lattice are defined. In some specific cases, related to connected components in graphs, these coefficients can be efficiently computed. This formula allows computing the size of the lattice of order 8 efficiently. This size is the number of Dedekind of order 8, the largest one known so far.