Probing crossover from analogous weak antilocalization to localization by an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer on topological insulator surface

Zhen-Guo Fu, Ping Zhang, Shu-Shen Li

Published 2011-11-04, updated 2012-03-28Version 2

We propose a scanning tunneling microscopy Aharonov-Bohm (AB) interferometer on the surface of a topological insulator (TI) to probe the crossover from analogous weak antilocalization (WAL) to weak localization (WL) phenomenon via the AB oscillations in spin-resolved local density of states (LDOS). Based on our analytical and numerical results, we show that with increasing the energy gap of TI surface states, the $\Phi_{0}/2$=$hc/2e$ periodic AB oscillations in spin-resolved LDOS gradually transit into the $\Phi_{0}$ periodic oscillations.