{
  "id": "2502.04472",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2025-02-06T19:48:26.000Z",
  "updated": "2025-02-06T19:48:26.000Z",
  "title": "Challenges and Opportunities for time-delay cosmography with multi-messenger gravitational lensing",
  "authors": [
    "Simon Birrer",
    "Graham P. Smith",
    "Anowar J. Shajib",
    "Dan Ryczanowski",
    "Nikki Arendse"
  ],
  "comment": "9 pages, 2 figures, accepted to be published in Philosophical Transactions A",
  "doi": "10.1098/rsta.2024.0130",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.CO"
  ],
  "abstract": "Strong gravitational lensing of variable sources, such as quasars or supernovae, can be used to constrain cosmological parameters through a technique known as \"time-delay cosmography''. Competitive constraints on the Hubble constant have been achieved with electromagnetic observations of lensed quasars and lensed supernovae. Gravitational wave (GW) astronomy may open up a new channel for time-delay cosmography with GW signal replacing the electromagnetic (EM) one. We highlight the similarities of using GW signals to be applied to time-delay cosmography compared to EM signal. We then discuss key differences between GW and EM signals and their resulting advantages and inconveniences from the angle of the current state-of-the-art using quasars and lensed supernovae for time-delay cosmography. We identify the astrometric precision requirement of the images as a key challenge to overcome and highlight the potentially significant impact that near-perfect time-delay measurements of lensed GWs can bring to the table.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2025-02-06T19:48:26.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "time-delay cosmography",
      "multi-messenger gravitational lensing",
      "em signal",
      "gw signal",
      "opportunities"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "journal article"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 9,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}