{
  "id": "2409.13823",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2024-09-20T18:05:21.000Z",
  "updated": "2024-09-20T18:05:21.000Z",
  "title": "Kinematic analysis of $\\mathbf{z = 4.3}$ galaxies in the SPT2349$-$56 protocluster core",
  "authors": [
    "Aparna Venkateshwaran",
    "Axel Weiss",
    "Nikolaus Sulzenauer",
    "Karl Menten",
    "Manuel Aravena",
    "Scott C. Chapman",
    "Anthony Gonzalez",
    "Gayathri Gururajan",
    "Christopher C. Hayward",
    "Ryley Hill",
    "Cassie Reuter",
    "Justin S. Spilker",
    "Joaquin D. Vieira"
  ],
  "comment": "28 pages (9 appendix pages), 14 figures (7 in appendix), 7 tables (3 in appendix). Accepted for publication in ApJ",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.GA"
  ],
  "abstract": "SPT2349$-$56 is a protocluster discovered in the 2500 deg$^2$ South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey. In this paper, we study the kinematics of the galaxies found in the core of SPT2349$-$56 using high-resolution (1.55 kpc spatial resolution at $z = 4.303$) redshifted [CII] 158-$\\mu$m data. Using the publicly available code 3D-Barolo, we analyze the seven far-infrared (FIR) brightest galaxies within the protocluster core. Based on conventional definitions for the detection of rotating discs, we classify six sources to be rotating discs in an actively star-forming protocluster environment, with weighted mean $V_{\\mathrm{rot}}/\\sigma_{\\mathrm{disp}} = 4.5 \\pm 1.3$. The weighted mean rotation velocity ($V_{\\mathrm{rot}}$) and velocity dispersion ($\\sigma_{\\mathrm{disp}}$) for the sample are $ 357.1 \\pm 114.7$ km s$^{-1}$ and $43.5 \\pm 23.5$ km s$^{-1}$, respectively. We also assess the disc stability of the galaxies and find a mean Toomre parameter of $Q_\\mathrm{T} = 0.9 \\pm 0.3$. The galaxies show a mild positive correlation between disc stability and dynamical support. Using the position-velocity maps, we find that five sources further classify as disturbed discs, and one classifies as a strictly rotating disc. Our sample joins several observations at similar redshift with high $V/\\sigma$ values, with the exception that they are morphologically disturbed, kinematically rotating and interacting galaxies in an extreme protocluster environment.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2024-09-20T18:05:21.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "protocluster core",
      "kinematic analysis",
      "rotating disc",
      "disc stability",
      "mean toomre parameter"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 28,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}