{
  "id": "2406.01244",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2024-06-03T12:02:57.000Z",
  "updated": "2024-06-03T12:02:57.000Z",
  "title": "Localisation of the non-thermal X-ray emission of PSR~J2229+6114 from its multi-wavelength pulse profiles",
  "authors": [
    "J. Pétri",
    "S. Guillot",
    "L. Guillemot",
    "D. Mitra",
    "M. Kerr",
    "L. Kuiper",
    "I. Cognard",
    "G. Theureau"
  ],
  "comment": "Accepted for publication in A&A",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.HE"
  ],
  "abstract": "Pulsars are detected over the whole electromagnetic spectrum, from radio wavelengths up to very high energies, in the GeV-TeV range. Whereas the radio emission site for young pulsars is well constrained to occur at altitudes about several percent of the light-cylinder radius and $\\gamma$-ray emission is believed to be produced in the striped wind, outside the light-cylinder, their non-thermal X-ray production site remains unknown. The aim of this letter is to localize the non-thermal X-ray emission region based on multi-wavelength pulse profile fitting for PSR J2229+6114, a particularly good candidate due to its high X-ray brightness. Based on the geometry deduced from the joint radio and $\\gamma$-ray pulse profiles, we fix the magnetic axis inclination angle and the line of sight inclination angle but we leave the region of X-ray emission unlocalised, somewhere between the surface and the light-cylinder. We localize this region and its extension by fitting the X-ray pulse profile as observed by the NICER, NuSTAR and RXTE telescopes in the ranges 2-7 keV, 3-10 keV and 9.4-22.4 keV, respectively. We constrain the non-thermal X-ray emission to arise from altitudes between $0.2\\,r_L$ and $0.55\\,r_L$ where $r_L$ is the light cylinder radius. The magnetic obliquity is approximately $\\alpha \\approx 45\\deg-50\\deg$ and the line of sight inclination angle $\\zeta \\approx 32\\deg-48\\deg$. This letter is among the first works to tightly constrain the location of the non-thermal X-ray emission from pulsars. We plan to apply this procedure to several other good candidates to confirm this new result.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2024-06-03T12:02:57.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "non-thermal x-ray emission",
      "multi-wavelength pulse profile",
      "sight inclination angle",
      "non-thermal x-ray production site remains",
      "x-ray production site remains unknown"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 0,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}