{
  "id": "2401.06973",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2024-01-13T04:07:45.000Z",
  "updated": "2024-01-13T04:07:45.000Z",
  "title": "Pre- and post-processing of cluster galaxies out to $5 \\times R_{200}$: The extreme case of A2670",
  "authors": [
    "Franco Piraino-Cerda",
    "Yara L. Jaffé",
    "Ana C. Lourenço",
    "Jacob P. Crossett",
    "Vicente Salinas",
    "Duho Kim",
    "Yun-Kyeong Sheen",
    "Kshitija Kelkar",
    "Diego Pallero",
    "Hector Bravo-Alfaro"
  ],
  "comment": "Accepted for publication in MNRAS",
  "doi": "10.1093/mnras/stad3957",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.GA",
    "astro-ph.CO"
  ],
  "abstract": "We study galaxy interactions in the large scale environment around A2670, a massive ($M_{200}$ = $8.5 \\pm 1.2~\\times 10^{14} \\mathrm{M_{\\odot}}$) and interacting galaxy cluster at z = 0.0763. We first characterize the environment of the cluster out to 5$\\times R_{200}$ and find a wealth of substructures, including the main cluster core, a large infalling group, and several other substructures. To study the impact of these substructures (pre-processing) and their accretion into the main cluster (post-processing) on the member galaxies, we visually examined optical images to look for signatures indicative of gravitational or hydrodynamical interactions. We find that $\\sim 21$ % of the cluster galaxies have clear signs of disturbances, with most of those ($\\sim60$ %) likely being disturbed by ram pressure. The number of ram-pressure stripping candidates found (101) in A2670 is the largest to date for a single system, and while they are more common in the cluster core, they can be found even at $> 4 \\times R_{200}$, confirming cluster influence out to large radii. In support of a pre-processing scenario, most of the disturbed galaxies follow the substructures found, with the richest structures having more disturbed galaxies. Post-processing also seems plausible, as many galaxy-galaxy mergers are seen near the cluster core, which is not expected in relaxed clusters. In addition, there is a comparable fraction of disturbed galaxies in and outside substructures. Overall, our results highlight the complex interplay of gas stripping and gravitational interactions in actively assembling clusters up to $5\\times R_{200}$, motivating wide-area studies in larger cluster samples.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2024-01-13T04:07:45.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "cluster galaxies",
      "extreme case",
      "disturbed galaxies",
      "substructures",
      "post-processing"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "journal article"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 0,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}