{
  "id": "2309.07210",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2023-09-13T18:00:00.000Z",
  "updated": "2023-09-13T18:00:00.000Z",
  "title": "TRINITY IV: Predictions for Supermassive Black Holes at $z \\gtrsim 7$",
  "authors": [
    "Haowen Zhang",
    "Peter Behroozi",
    "Marta Volonteri",
    "Joseph Silk",
    "Xiaohui Fan",
    "James Aird",
    "Jinyi Yang",
    "Feige Wang",
    "Philip F. Hopkins"
  ],
  "comment": "15 pages, 12 figures, submitted to MNRAS. Questions and comments are welcome!",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.GA"
  ],
  "abstract": "We present predictions for the high-redshift halo-galaxy-supermassive black hole (SMBH) connection from the TRINITY model. Constrained by a comprehensive compilation of galaxy ($0\\leq z \\leq 10$) and SMBH datasets ($0\\leq z \\leq 6.5$), TRINITY finds: 1) The number of SMBHs with $M_\\bullet > 10^9 M_\\odot$ in the observable Universe increases by six orders of magnitude from $z\\sim10$ to $z\\sim2$, and by another factor of $\\sim 3$ from $z\\sim2$ to $z=0$; 2) The $M_\\bullet > 10^9/10^{10} M_\\odot$ SMBHs at $z\\sim 6$ live in haloes with $\\sim (2-3)/(3-5) \\times 10^{12} M_\\odot$; 3) the new JWST AGNs at $7\\lesssim z \\lesssim 11$ are broadly consistent with the median SMBH mass-galaxy mass relation for AGNs from TRINITY; 4) Seeds from runaway mergers in nuclear star clusters are viable progenitors for the SMBHs in GN-z11 ($z=10.6$) and CEERS_1019 ($z=8.7$); 5) $z=6-10$ quasar luminosity functions from wide area surveys by, e.g., Roman and Euclid, will reduce uncertainties in the $z=6-10$ SMBH mass-galaxy mass relation by up to $\\sim 0.5$ dex.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2023-09-13T18:00:00.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "supermassive black holes",
      "median smbh mass-galaxy mass relation",
      "predictions",
      "high-redshift halo-galaxy-supermassive black hole",
      "nuclear star clusters"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 15,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}