{
  "id": "2302.09964",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2023-02-20T13:18:36.000Z",
  "updated": "2023-02-20T13:18:36.000Z",
  "title": "Photon condensation, Van Vleck paramagnetism, and chiral cavities",
  "authors": [
    "Alberto Mercurio",
    "Gian Marcello Andolina",
    "Francesco M. D. Pellegrino",
    "Omar Di Stefano",
    "Pablo Jarillo-Herrero",
    "Claudia Felser",
    "Frank H. L. Koppens",
    "Salvatore Savasta",
    "Marco Polini"
  ],
  "comment": "14 pages, 3 figures",
  "categories": [
    "cond-mat.mes-hall",
    "quant-ph"
  ],
  "abstract": "We introduce a gauge-invariant model of planar, square molecules coupled to a quantized spatially-varying cavity electromagnetic vector potential $\\hat{\\bm A}({\\bm r})$. Specifically, we choose a temporally {\\it chiral} cavity hosting a uniform magnetic field $\\hat{\\bm B}$, as this is the simplest instance in which a transverse spatially-varying $\\hat{\\bm A}({\\bm r})$ is at play. We show that when the molecules are in the Van Vleck paramagnetic regime, an equilibrium quantum phase transition to a photon condensate state occurs.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2023-02-20T13:18:36.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "van vleck paramagnetism",
      "photon condensation",
      "chiral cavities",
      "photon condensate state occurs",
      "spatially-varying cavity electromagnetic vector potential"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 14,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}