{
  "id": "2212.08047",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2022-12-15T18:52:48.000Z",
  "updated": "2022-12-15T18:52:48.000Z",
  "title": "MINDS. The detection of $^{13}$CO$_{2}$ with JWST-MIRI indicates abundant CO$_{2}$ in a protoplanetary disk",
  "authors": [
    "Sierra L. Grant",
    "Ewine F. van Dishoeck",
    "Benoît Tabone",
    "Danny Gasman",
    "Thomas Henning",
    "Inga Kamp",
    "Manuel Güdel",
    "Pierre-Olivier Lagage",
    "Giulio Bettoni",
    "Giulia Perotti",
    "Valentin Christiaens",
    "Matthias Samland",
    "Aditya M. Arabhavi",
    "Ioannis Argyriou",
    "Alain Abergel",
    "Olivier Absil",
    "David Barrado",
    "Anthony Boccaletti",
    "Jeroen Bouwman",
    "Alessio Caratti o Garatti",
    "Vincent Geers",
    "Adrian M. Glauser",
    "Rodrigo Guadarrama",
    "Hyerin Jang",
    "Jayatee Kanwar",
    "Fred Lahuis",
    "Maria Morales-Calderón",
    "Michael Mueller",
    "Cyrine Nehmé",
    "Göran Olofsson",
    "Eric Pantin",
    "Nicole Pawellek",
    "Tom P. Ray",
    "Donna Rodgers-Lee",
    "Silvia Scheithauer",
    "Jürgen Schreiber",
    "Kamber Schwarz",
    "Milou Temmink",
    "Bart Vandenbussche",
    "Marissa Vlasblom",
    "L. B. F. M. Waters",
    "Gillian Wright",
    "Luis Colina",
    "Thomas R. Greve",
    "Kay Justannont",
    "Göran Östlin"
  ],
  "comment": "11 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to ApJL, comments welcome",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.SR",
    "astro-ph.EP"
  ],
  "abstract": "We present JWST-MIRI MRS spectra of the protoplanetary disk around the low-mass T Tauri star GW Lup from the MIRI mid-INfrared Disk Survey (MINDS) GTO program. Emission from $^{12}$CO$_{2}$, $^{13}$CO$_{2}$, H$_{2}$O, HCN, and C$_{2}$H$_{2}$ is identified in this disk with $^{13}$CO$_{2}$ being detected for the first time in a protoplanetary disk. We characterize the chemical and physical conditions in the inner few au of the GW Lup disk using these molecules as probes. The spectral resolution of JWST-MIRI MRS paired with high signal-to-noise data is essential to identify these species and determine their column densities and temperatures. The $Q$-branches of these molecules, including those of hot-bands, are particularly sensitive to temperature and column density. We find that the $^{12}$CO$_{2}$ emission in the GW Lup disk is very strong and is coming from optically thick emission at a temperature of $\\sim$500 K. $^{13}$CO$_{2}$ is optically thinner, and tracing a larger emitting area than $^{12}$CO$_{2}$ and deeper into the disk based on a lower temperature of $\\sim$200 K. The derived $N_{\\rm{CO_{2}}}$/$N_{\\rm{H_{2}O}}$ ratio of 0.25 is relatively high compared to other targets determined from \\textit{Spitzer}-IRS data. This abundance ratio may be due to an inner cavity in the gas and dust with a radius in between the H$_{2}$O and CO$_{2}$ snowlines and/or a dust trap at this location keeping water-rich icy grains from passing the water snowline. This paper demonstrates the unique ability of JWST to probe inner disk structures and chemistry through weak, previously unseen molecular features.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2022-12-15T18:52:48.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "protoplanetary disk",
      "gw lup disk",
      "column density",
      "tauri star gw lup",
      "jwst-miri mrs"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 11,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}