{
  "id": "2209.13069",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2022-09-26T23:23:11.000Z",
  "updated": "2022-09-26T23:23:11.000Z",
  "title": "Signs of environmental effects on star-forming galaxies in the Spiderweb protocluster at z=2.16",
  "authors": [
    "Jose Manuel Pérez-Martínez",
    "Helmut Dannerbauer",
    "Tadayuki Kodama",
    "Yusei Koyama",
    "Rhythm Shimakawa",
    "Tomoko L. Suzuki",
    "Rosa Calvi",
    "Zhengyi Chen",
    "Kazuki Daikuhara",
    "Nina A. Hatch",
    "Andrés Laza-Ramos",
    "David Sobral",
    "John P. Stott",
    "Ichi Tanaka"
  ],
  "comment": "29 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.GA"
  ],
  "abstract": "We use multi-object near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with VLT/KMOS to investigate the role of the environment in the evolution of the ionized gas properties of narrow-band selected H$\\alpha$ emitters (HAEs) in the Spiderweb protocluster at $z=2.16$. Based on rest-frame optical emission lines, H$\\alpha$ and [NII]$\\lambda$6584, we confirm the cluster membership of 39 of our targets (i.e. 93% success rate), and measure their star-formation rates (SFR), gas-phase oxygen abundances and effective radius. We parametrize the environment where our targets reside by using local and global density indicators based on previous samples of spectroscopic and narrow-band cluster members. We find that star-forming galaxies embedded in the Spiderweb protocluster display SFRs compatible with those of the main sequence and morphologies comparable to those of late-type galaxies at $z=2.2$ in the field. We also report a mild gas-phase metallicity enhancement ($0.6\\pm0.3$ dex) at intermediate stellar masses. Furthermore, we identify two UVJ-selected quiescent galaxies with residual H$\\alpha$-based star formation and find signs of extreme dust obscuration in a small sample of SMGs based on their FIR and H$\\alpha$ emission. Interestingly, the spatial distribution of these objects differs from the rest of HAEs, avoiding the protocluster core. Finally, we explore the gas fraction-gas metallicity diagram for 7 galaxies with molecular gas masses measured by ATCA using CO(1-0). In the context of the gas-regulator model, our objects are consistent with relatively low mass-loading factors, suggesting lower outflow activity than field samples at the cosmic noon and thus, hinting at the onset of environmental effects in this massive protocluster.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2022-09-26T23:23:11.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "environmental effects",
      "star-forming galaxies",
      "protocluster display sfrs compatible",
      "spiderweb protocluster display sfrs",
      "gas fraction-gas metallicity diagram"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 29,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}