{
  "id": "2206.09003",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2022-06-17T20:45:12.000Z",
  "updated": "2022-06-17T20:45:12.000Z",
  "title": "Mining S-PLUS for Metal-Poor Stars in the Milky Way",
  "authors": [
    "Vinicius M. Placco",
    "Felipe Almeida-Fernandes",
    "Anke Arentsen",
    "Young Sun Lee",
    "William Schoenell",
    "Tiago Ribeiro",
    "Antonio Kanaan"
  ],
  "comment": "21 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication on ApJS",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.SR",
    "astro-ph.GA"
  ],
  "abstract": "This work presents the medium-resolution ($R \\sim 1,500$) spectroscopic follow-up of 522 low-metallicity star candidates from the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS). The objects were selected from narrow-band photometry, taking advantage of the metallicity-sensitive S-PLUS colors. The follow-up observations were conducted with the Blanco and Gemini South telescopes, using the COSMOS and GMOS spectrographs, respectively. The stellar atmospheric parameters (T$_{\\rm eff}$, log$g$, and [Fe/H]), as well as carbon and $\\alpha$-element abundances, were calculated for the program stars in order to assess the efficacy of the color selection. Results show that $92^{+2}_{-3}\\%$ of the observed stars have [Fe/H]$\\leq -1.0$, $83^{+3}_{-3}\\%$ have [Fe/H]$\\leq -2.0$, and $15^{+3}_{-3}\\%$ have [Fe/H]$\\leq -3.0$, including two ultra metal-poor stars ([Fe/H]$\\leq -4.0$). The 80th percentile for the metallicity cumulative distribution function of the observed sample is [Fe/H]$= -2.04$. The sample also includes 68 Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor (CEMP) stars. Based on the calculated metallicities, further S-PLUS, color cuts are proposed, which can increase the fractions of stars with [Fe/H]$\\leq -1.0$ and $\\leq -2.0$ to $98\\%$ and $88\\%$, respectively. Such high success rates enable targeted high-resolution spectroscopic follow-up efforts, as well as provide selection criteria for fiber-fed multiplex spectroscopic surveys.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2022-06-17T20:45:12.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "metal-poor stars",
      "high-resolution spectroscopic follow-up efforts",
      "milky way",
      "photometric local universe survey",
      "mining s-plus"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 21,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}