{
  "id": "2201.07382",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2022-01-19T02:14:26.000Z",
  "updated": "2022-01-19T02:14:26.000Z",
  "title": "Bose-Einstein Condensation, the Lambda Transition, and Superfluidity for Interacting Bosons",
  "authors": [
    "Phil Attard"
  ],
  "comment": "17 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, one idea",
  "categories": [
    "cond-mat.stat-mech",
    "cond-mat.supr-con",
    "physics.chem-ph",
    "quant-ph"
  ],
  "abstract": "Bose-Einstein condensation and the $\\lambda$-transition are described in molecular detail for bosons interacting with a pair potential. New phenomena are identified that are absent in the usual ideal gas treatment. Monte Carlo simulations of Lennard-Jones helium-4 neglecting ground momentum state bosons give a diverging heat capacity approaching the transition. Pure permutation loops give continuous growth in the occupancy of the ground momentum state. Mixed ground and excited momentum state permutation loops give a discontinuous transition to the condensed phase. The consequent latent heat for the $\\lambda$-transition is 3\\% of the total energy. The predicted critical velocity for superfluid flow is within a factor of three of the measured values over three orders of magnitude in pore diameter.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2022-01-19T02:14:26.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "bose-einstein condensation",
      "lambda transition",
      "interacting bosons",
      "neglecting ground momentum state bosons",
      "usual ideal gas treatment"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 17,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}