{
  "id": "1909.07388",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2019-09-16T18:00:00.000Z",
  "updated": "2019-09-16T18:00:00.000Z",
  "title": "The assembly of dusty galaxies at $z \\geq 4$: statistical properties",
  "authors": [
    "L. Graziani",
    "R. Schneider",
    "M. Ginolfi",
    "L. K. Hunt",
    "U. Maio",
    "M. Glatzle",
    "B. Ciardi"
  ],
  "comment": "Submitted to MNRAS, comments are welcome",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.GA",
    "astro-ph.CO"
  ],
  "abstract": "The recent discovery of high redshift dusty galaxies implies a rapid dust enrichment of their interstellar medium (ISM). To interpret these observations, we run a cosmological simulation in a 30$h^{-1}$ cMpc/size volume down to $z \\approx 4$. We use the hydrodynamical code dustyGadget, which accounts for the production of dust by stellar populations and its evolution in the ISM. We find that the cosmic dust density parameter ($\\Omega_{\\rm d}$) is mainly driven by stellar dust at $z \\gtrsim 10$, so that mass- and metallicity-dependent yields are required to assess the dust content in the first galaxies. At $z \\lesssim 9$ the growth of grains in the ISM of evolved systems (Log$(M_{\\star}/M_{\\odot})>8.5$) significantly increases their dust mass, in agreement with observations in the redshift range $4 \\lesssim z < 8$. Our simulation shows that the variety of high redshift galaxies observed with ALMA can naturally be accounted for by modeling the grain-growth timescale as a function of the physical conditions in the gas cold phase. In addition, the trends of dust-to-metal (DTM) and dust-to-gas (${\\cal D}$) ratios are compatible with the available data. A qualitative investigation of the inhomogeneous dust distribution in a representative massive halo at $z \\approx 4$ shows that dust is found from the central galaxy up to the closest satellites along polluted filaments with $\\rm Log({\\cal D}) \\leq -2.4$, but sharply declines at distances $d \\gtrsim 30$ kpc along many lines of sight, where $\\rm Log({\\cal D}) \\lesssim -4.0$.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2019-09-16T18:00:00.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "statistical properties",
      "high redshift dusty galaxies implies",
      "cosmic dust density parameter",
      "gas cold phase",
      "high redshift galaxies"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 0,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}