{
  "id": "1812.00012",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2018-11-30T19:00:02.000Z",
  "updated": "2018-11-30T19:00:02.000Z",
  "title": "High mass X-ray binaries as progenitors of gravitational wave sources",
  "authors": [
    "Jakub Klencki",
    "Gijs Nelemans"
  ],
  "comment": "10 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the IAU Symposium No. 346 \"High-mass X-ray binaries: illuminating the passage from massive binaries to merging compact objects\"",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.HE"
  ],
  "abstract": "X-ray binaries with black hole (BH) accretors and massive star donors at short orbital periods of a few days can evolve into close binary BH systems (BBH) that merge within the Hubble time through stable mass transfer evolution. From observational point of view, upon the Roche-lobe overflow, such systems will most likely appear as ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs). To study this connection, we compute the mass transfer phase in systems with BH accretors and massive star donors ($M > 15 \\,M_\\odot$) at various orbital separations and metallicities using the MESA stellar evolution code. In the case of core-hydrogen and core-helium burning donors (cases A and C of mass transfer) we find the typical duration of super-Eddington mass transfer of up to $10^6$ and $10^5 \\, \\rm yr$ , with rates of $10^{-6}$ and $10^{-5} \\,M_\\odot \\, \\rm yr^{-1}$ , respectively. Given that roughly $0.5$ ULXs are found per unit of star formation rate ($\\,M_\\odot \\, \\rm yr^{-1}$), and assuming that $10\\%$ of all the observed ULXs form merging BBH, we estimate the rate of BBH mergers from stable mass transfer evolution to be at most $10 {\\rm ~Gpc}^{-3} {\\rm ~yr}^{-1}$.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2018-11-30T19:00:02.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "high mass x-ray binaries",
      "gravitational wave sources",
      "stable mass transfer evolution",
      "massive star donors",
      "mesa stellar evolution code"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 10,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}