{
  "id": "1807.08794",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2018-07-23T19:24:12.000Z",
  "updated": "2018-07-23T19:24:12.000Z",
  "title": "Neutrino emission from the direction of the blazar TXS 0506+056 prior to the IceCube-170922A alert",
  "authors": [
    "IceCube Collaboration"
  ],
  "journal": "Science 361, 147-151 (2018)",
  "doi": "10.1126/science.aat2890",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.HE",
    "hep-ex"
  ],
  "abstract": "A high-energy neutrino event detected by IceCube on 22 September 2017 was coincident in direction and time with a gamma-ray flare from the blazar TXS 0506+056. Prompted by this association, we investigated 9.5 years of IceCube neutrino observations to search for excess emission at the position of the blazar. We found an excess of high-energy neutrino events with respect to atmospheric backgrounds at that position between September 2014 and March 2015. Allowing for time-variable flux, this constitutes 3.5{\\sigma} evidence for neutrino emission from the direction of TXS 0506+056, independent of and prior to the 2017 flaring episode. This suggests that blazars are the first identifiable sources of the high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2018-07-23T19:24:12.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "neutrino emission",
      "blazar txs",
      "icecube-170922a alert",
      "high-energy neutrino event",
      "high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "journal article"
    ],
    "publication": {
      "publisher": "AAAS"
    },
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 0,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}