{
  "id": "1410.7387",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2014-10-27T20:00:02.000Z",
  "updated": "2014-10-27T20:00:02.000Z",
  "title": "Dust in the wind: the role of recent mass loss in long gamma-ray bursts",
  "authors": [
    "Raffaella Margutti",
    "A. M. Soderberg",
    "C. Guidorzi",
    "D. Lazzati",
    "D. Milisavljevic",
    "A. Kamble",
    "T. Laskar",
    "J. Parrent",
    "N. C. Gehrels"
  ],
  "comment": "6 pages, Submitted to ApJ",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.HE"
  ],
  "abstract": "We study the late-time (t>0.5 days) X-ray afterglows of nearby (z<0.5) long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) with Swift and identify a population of explosions with slowly decaying, super-soft (photon index Gamma_x>3) X-ray emission that is inconsistent with forward shock synchrotron radiation associated with the afterglow. These explosions also show larger-than-average intrinsic absorption (NH_x,i >6d21 cm-2) and prompt gamma-ray emission with extremely long duration (T_90>1000 s). Chance association of these three rare properties (i.e. large NH_x,i, super-soft Gamma_x and extreme duration) in the same class of explosions is statistically unlikely. We associate these properties with the turbulent mass-loss history of the progenitor star that enriched and shaped the circum-burst medium. We identify a natural connection between NH_x,i Gamma_x and T_90 in these sources by suggesting that the late-time super-soft X-rays originate from radiation reprocessed by material lost to the environment by the stellar progenitor before exploding, (either in the form of a dust echo or as reprocessed radiation from a long-lived GRB remnant), and that the interaction of the explosion's shock/jet with the complex medium is the source of the extremely long prompt emission. However, current observations do not allow us to exclude the possibility that super-soft X-ray emitters originate from peculiar stellar progenitors with large radii that only form in very dusty environments.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2014-10-27T20:00:02.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "long gamma-ray bursts",
      "mass loss",
      "shock synchrotron radiation",
      "late-time super-soft x-rays originate",
      "super-soft x-ray emitters originate"
    ],
    "publication": {
      "doi": "10.1088/0004-637X/805/2/159",
      "journal": "The Astrophysical Journal",
      "year": 2015,
      "month": "Jun",
      "volume": 805,
      "number": 2,
      "pages": 159
    },
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 6,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable",
      "inspire": 1324741,
      "adsabs": "2015ApJ...805..159M"
    }
  }
}