{
  "id": "1312.0937",
  "version": "v2",
  "published": "2013-12-03T20:59:45.000Z",
  "updated": "2014-02-28T12:54:53.000Z",
  "title": "The ATLASGAL survey: a catalog of dust condensations in the Galactic plane",
  "authors": [
    "T. Csengeri",
    "J. S. Urquhart",
    "F. Schuller",
    "F. Motte",
    "S. Bontemps",
    "F. Wyrowski",
    "K. M. Menten",
    "L. Bronfman",
    "H. Beuther",
    "Th. Henning",
    "L. Testi",
    "A. Zavagno",
    "M. Walmsley"
  ],
  "comment": "accepted for publication by A&A",
  "doi": "10.1051/0004-6361/201322434",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.GA"
  ],
  "abstract": "The formation processes and the evolutionary stages of high-mass stars are poorly understood compared to low-mass stars. Large-scale surveys are needed to provide an unbiased census of high column density sites which can potentially host precursors to high-mass stars. Here we use the ATLASGAL survey covering 420 sq. degree of the Galactic plane at 870 $\\mu$m; and use the MRE-GLC method to identify the population of embedded sources throughout the inner Galaxy. We identify in total 10861 compact sub-millimeter sources with fluxes above 5 sigma. Completeness tests show that our catalogue is 97% complete above 5 sigma and >99% complete above 7$\\sigma$. We correlate this sample with mid-infrared point source catalogues (MSX at 21.3 $\\mu$m and WISE at 22 $\\mu$m) and determine a lower limit of ~33% that are associated with embedded protostellar objects. We note that the proportion of clumps associated with mid-infrared sources increases with increasing flux density, achieving a rather constant fraction of ~75% of all clumps with fluxes over 5 Jy/beam being associated with star-formation. Examining the source counts as a function of Galactic longitude we are able to identify the most prominent star forming regions in the Galaxy. From the fraction of the likely massive quiescent clumps (~25%) we estimate a formation time-scale of ~7.5+/-2.5 $\\times$ 10$^4$yr for the deeply embedded phase before the emergence of luminous YSOs. Such a short duration for the formation of high-mass stars in massive clumps clearly proves that the earliest phases have to be dynamic with supersonic motions.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v2",
      "updated": "2014-02-28T12:54:53.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "atlasgal survey",
      "galactic plane",
      "dust condensations",
      "high-mass stars",
      "high column density sites"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "journal article"
    ],
    "publication": {
      "journal": "Astronomy and Astrophysics",
      "year": 2014,
      "month": "May",
      "volume": 565
    },
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 0,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable",
      "adsabs": "2014A&A...565A..75C"
    }
  }
}