{
  "id": "1307.2366",
  "version": "v3",
  "published": "2013-07-09T08:47:56.000Z",
  "updated": "2014-02-04T00:29:54.000Z",
  "title": "A multi-wavelength investigation of the radio-loud supernova PTF11qcj and its circumstellar environment",
  "authors": [
    "A. Corsi",
    "E. O. Ofek",
    "A. Gal-Yam",
    "D. A. Frail",
    "S. R. Kulkarni",
    "D. B. Fox",
    "M. M. Kasliwal",
    "M. Sullivan",
    "A. Horesh",
    "J. Carpenter",
    "K. Maguire",
    "I. Arcavi",
    "S. B. Cenko",
    "Y. Cao",
    "K. Mooley",
    "Y. -C. Pan",
    "B. Sesar",
    "A. Sternberg",
    "D. Xu",
    "D. Bersier",
    "P. James",
    "J. S. Bloom",
    "P. E. Nugent"
  ],
  "comment": "43 pages, 15 figures; this version matches the one published in ApJ (includes minor changes that address the Referee's comments.)",
  "categories": [
    "astro-ph.HE",
    "astro-ph.CO"
  ],
  "abstract": "We present the discovery, classification, and extensive panchromatic (from radio to X-ray) follow-up observations of PTF11qcj, a supernova discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory. PTF11qcj is located at a distance of dL ~ 124 Mpc. Our observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array show that this event is radio-loud: PTF11qcj reached a radio peak luminosity comparable to that of the famous gamma-ray-burst-associated supernova 1998bw (L_{5GHz} ~ 10^{29} erg/s/Hz). PTF11qcj is also detected in X-rays with the Chandra observatory, and in the infrared band with Spitzer. Our multi-wavelength analysis probes the supernova interaction with circumstellar material. The radio observations suggest a progenitor mass-loss rate of ~10^{-4} Msun/yr x (v_w/1000 km/s), and a velocity of ~(0.3-0.5)c for the fastest moving ejecta (at ~10d after explosion). However, these estimates are derived assuming the simplest model of supernova ejecta interacting with a smooth circumstellar material characterized by radial power-law density profile, and do not account for possible inhomogeneities in the medium and asphericity of the explosion. The radio light curve shows deviations from such a simple model, as well as a re-brightening at late times. The X-ray flux from PTF11qcj is compatible with the high-frequency extrapolation of the radio synchrotron emission (within the large uncertainties). An IR light echo from pre-existing dust is in agreement with our infrared data. Our analysis of pre-explosion data from the Palomar Transient Factory suggests that a precursor eruption of absolute magnitude M_r ~ -13 mag may have occurred ~ 2.5 yr prior to the supernova explosion. Based on our panchromatic follow-up campaign, we conclude that PTF11qcj fits the expectations from the explosion of a Wolf-Rayet star. Precursor eruptions may be a feature characterizing the final pre-explosion evolution of such stars.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v3",
      "updated": "2014-02-04T00:29:54.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "radio-loud supernova ptf11qcj",
      "multi-wavelength investigation",
      "circumstellar environment",
      "palomar transient factory",
      "circumstellar material"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "journal article"
    ],
    "publication": {
      "doi": "10.1088/0004-637X/782/1/42",
      "journal": "The Astrophysical Journal",
      "year": 2014,
      "month": "Feb",
      "volume": 782,
      "number": 1,
      "pages": 42
    },
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 43,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable",
      "inspire": 1241967,
      "adsabs": "2014ApJ...782...42C"
    }
  }
}