{
  "id": "1304.6725",
  "version": "v3",
  "published": "2013-04-24T20:00:04.000Z",
  "updated": "2013-07-11T13:39:30.000Z",
  "title": "Massive spin-2 fields on black hole spacetimes: Instability of the Schwarzschild and Kerr solutions and bounds on the graviton mass",
  "authors": [
    "Richard Brito",
    "Vitor Cardoso",
    "Paolo Pani"
  ],
  "comment": "24 pages, 8 figures. v2: references added and discussion extended. v3: references added, matches published version",
  "journal": "Phys.Rev.D88:023514,2013",
  "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevD.88.023514",
  "categories": [
    "gr-qc",
    "astro-ph.HE",
    "hep-th"
  ],
  "abstract": "Massive bosonic fields of arbitrary spin are predicted by general extensions of the Standard Model. It has been recently shown that there exists a family of bimetric theories of gravity - including massive gravity - which are free of Boulware-Deser ghosts at the nonlinear level. This opens up the possibility to describe consistently the dynamics of massive spin-2 particles in a gravitational field. Within this context, we develop the study of massive spin-2 fluctuations - including massive gravitons - around Schwarzschild and slowly-rotating Kerr black holes. Our work has two important outcomes. First, we show that the Schwarzschild geometry is linearly unstable for small tensor masses, against a spherically symmetric mode. Second, we provide solid evidence that the Kerr geometry is also generically unstable, both against the spherical mode and against long-lived superradiant modes. In the absence of nonlinear effects, the observation of spinning black holes bounds the graviton mass to be smaller than 5x10^{-23} eV.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v3",
      "updated": "2013-07-11T13:39:30.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "subjects": [
      "04.70.Bw",
      "04.25.Nx",
      "04.30.Db"
    ],
    "keywords": [
      "black hole spacetimes",
      "graviton mass",
      "kerr solutions",
      "schwarzschild",
      "instability"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "journal article"
    ],
    "publication": {
      "publisher": "APS",
      "journal": "Physical Review D",
      "year": 2013,
      "month": "Jul",
      "volume": 88,
      "number": 2,
      "pages": "023514"
    },
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 24,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable",
      "inspire": 1230290,
      "adsabs": "2013PhRvD..88b3514B"
    }
  }
}