{
  "id": "0901.2686",
  "version": "v2",
  "published": "2009-01-18T08:46:17.000Z",
  "updated": "2009-01-20T07:33:13.000Z",
  "title": "Periodic table for topological insulators and superconductors",
  "authors": [
    "Alexei Kitaev"
  ],
  "comment": "To appear in the Proceedings of the L.D.Landau Memorial Conference \"Advances in Theoretical Physics\", June 22-26, 2008, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia (v2: arXiv hyperlinks fixed)",
  "categories": [
    "cond-mat.mes-hall",
    "cond-mat.supr-con",
    "hep-th",
    "math-ph",
    "math.MP"
  ],
  "abstract": "Gapped phases of noninteracting fermions, with and without charge conservation and time-reversal symmetry, are classified using Bott periodicity. The symmetry and spatial dimension determines a general universality class, which corresponds to one of the 2 types of complex and 8 types of real Clifford algebras. The phases within a given class are further characterized by a topological invariant, an element of some Abelian group that can be 0, Z, or Z_2. The interface between two infinite phases with different topological numbers must carry some gapless mode. Topological properties of finite systems are described in terms of K-homology. This classification is robust with respect to disorder, provided electron states near the Fermi energy are absent or localized. In some cases (e.g., integer quantum Hall systems) the K-theoretic classification is stable to interactions, but a counterexample is also given.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v2",
      "updated": "2009-01-20T07:33:13.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "subjects": [
      "03.65.Pm",
      "73.43.Nq",
      "02.10.Yn",
      "71.10.Pm",
      "74.70.-b",
      "72.15.Rn"
    ],
    "keywords": [
      "topological insulators",
      "periodic table",
      "superconductors",
      "integer quantum hall systems",
      "general universality class"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "conference paper",
      "journal article",
      "famous paper"
    ],
    "publication": {
      "doi": "10.1063/1.3149495"
    },
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 0,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable",
      "inspire": 811262,
      "adsabs": "2009AIPC.1134...22K"
    }
  }
}